A case report of malignant struma ovarii with papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Key clinical message: Struma ovarii (SO), is a rare and specialized ovarian teratoma. The treatment is controversial depending on the risk of recurrence and metastasis. Here a SO with papillary thyroid carcinoma is reported and the approach is thoroughly discussed. Abstract: Struma ovarii (SO) is a highly specialized ovarian teratoma primarily composed of thyroid tissue. Clinical features associated with SO include lower abdominal discomfort, unusual vaginal bleeding, ascites, and hyperthyroidism. While SO rarely transforms into malignancy, the optimal degree of treatment remains controversial due to the varying risks of recurrence and metastasis. In this report, we present the case of a 64-year-old woman experiencing abdominal pain and diagnosed with SO, accompanied by papillary thyroid carcinoma. We thoroughly discuss the evaluation and management of this rare condition.

Graves' disease with pancytopenia: A rare case report.

Key Clinical Message: In this case report we describe a patient with Grave's disease (GD) who was first diagnosed with pancytopenia and did not have any typical symptoms of GD. His hematologic abnormalities were alleviated after treatment with an anti-thyroid drug. Hence, in patients with pancytopenia, GD should also be considered. Abstract: A variety of hematologic abnormalities can be seen in Graves' disease (GD), however; here, we describe a patient with GD and a very rare complication; pancytopenia. His hematologic abnormalities and clinical status were alleviated after treatment with an anti-thyroid drug. Hence, in patients with pancytopenia and normal bone marrow examination, GD should also be considered.

Fibrosis score 4 index has an independent relationship with coronary artery diseases in patients with metabolic-associated fatty liver disease.

BACKGROUND: Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), one of the most common liver diseases, is detected in patients with concomitant hepatic steatosis and Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). We looked into the relationship between Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) index and coronary artery diseases (CAD) in patients with MAFLD, to further look into the efficiency of FIB-4 in screening for CAD among patients with MAFLD. METHOD: In this study, we included 1664 patients with MAFLD (T2D, who also had hepatic steatosis) during 2012-2022 and divided them into 2 groups; CAD and non-CAD. Demographic, Anthropometric indices, liver function tests, lipid profile and FIB-4 index of all patients were evaluated and compared. RESULT: Among the 1644 patients (all have MAFLD), 364(21.4%) had CAD. Patients with MAFLD and CAD were more probable to be hypertensive, have longer duration of diabetes and be older (with p-values < 0.001). After adjustment for confounding factors, in a multivariable logistic regression model, FIB4 showed a significant independent relationship with concomitant MAFLD and CAD. Upper Tertile FIB-4 had an odds ratio of 3.28 (P-value = 0.002) to predict CAD. Furthermore, in Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) Curve analysis with the maximum Youden Index, a FIB-4 cut-off of 0.85 (AUC = 0.656, 95% CI 0.618-0.693, P < 0.001) noted to predict CAD in patients with MAFLD. CONCLUSION: This study showed that the FIB-4 score independently correlates with CAD in patients with MAFLD.

Therapeutic effects of resveratrol and Omega-3 in mice atherosclerosis: focus on histopathological changes.

BACKGROUND: Resveratrol and omega-3 have been shown to prevent atherosclerosis. However, histopathological changes and their comparison have not been studied well. This study investigated the therapeutic effects of resveratrol and omega-3 in experimental atherosclerosis of mice. METHODS: We divided sixty 6-week-old male C57BL/6 mice into six groups and followed for 10 weeks: (1) standard diet, (2) atherogenic diet, (3) atherogenic diet along with resveratrol from the start of the sixth week, (4) atherogenic diet along with omega-3 from the start of the sixth week, (5) standard diet along with resveratrol from the start of the sixth week, (6) standard diet along with omega-3 from the start of the sixth week. RESULTS: The mice fed on an atherogenic diet had a larger fat area and a thicker aortic wall thickness than mice fed on a standard diet. The use of omega-3 and resveratrol in the mice with an atherogenic diet resulted in a significantly reduced fat area (p-value = 0.003), and resveratrol had a significantly higher effect. Omega-3 or resveratrol induced a significant reduction in aortic wall thickness in mice on an atherogenic diet, and there was no significant difference between them. Among the mice with a standard diet, this study did not observe any significant changes in the fat area or the aortic wall thickness with the consumption of omega-3 or resveratrol. CONCLUSIONS: Resveratrol and omega-3 had a regressive and therapeutic role in atherosclerosis, with a more significant effect in favor of resveratrol.

Physical Activity and Quality of Life in People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

BACKGROUND: Chronic diseases such as diabetes have an adverse effect on the quality of life (QOL) of patients. It has been shown physical activity can improve the quality of life. AIMS: The aim of current study was to determine the effectiveness of Physical activity package (PAP) on the quality of life (QOL) of individuals with type 2 diabetes. METHODS: Using a randomized controlled trial, 100 individuals with type 2 diabetes were studied. The patients were selected from endocrine clinic of a teaching hospital of Iran University of Medical Sciences. Subjects were randomly assigned to intervention (PAP and routine care), and control (just education and routine care) groups. The WHO Quality of Life- brief (WHOQOL - BREF) Questionnaire was completed by all patients at the beginning and after three months. The IPAQ (long form) physical activity questionnaire was completed at the beginning, 1.5 and 3 months follow-up for all subjects. The Mann-Whitney U, Chi-square and repeated measure of analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests were used to analysis of data. The significant level was considered as 0.05. RESULTS: Average of age was 46.22 ± 6.10 years. The scores of physical, psychological and environmental domains of WHOQOL - BREF were 27.42 ± 3.34, 21.44 ± 3.24 and 27.02 ± 4.68 in intervention group versus 22.58 ± 3.71, 17.29 ± 3.46, and 24.41 ± 3.92, in control group respectively. These differences were statistically significant (P < 0.0001). There was not any significant difference for social relations domain across two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Physical activity package had a significant effect on all aspects of QOL just social relations of individuals with type 2 diabetes. It seems social relations activities needs more time to change.